@inproceedings{Farrow-las:2016, author = {Farrow, Elaine and Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Moore, Johanna D.}, title = {{B}eetle-{G}row: An Effective Intelligent Tutoring System for Data Collection}, abstract = {We present the Beetle-Grow intelligent tutoring system, which combines active experimentation, self-explanation, and formative feedback using natural language interaction. It runs in a standard web browser and has a fresh, engaging design. The underlying back-end system has previously been shown to be highly effective in teaching basic electricity and electronics concepts. Beetle-Grow has been designed to capture student interaction and indicators of learning in a form suitable for data mining, and to support future work on building tools for interactive tutoring that improve after experiencing interaction with students, as human tutors do.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {L@S '16}, year = {2016}, isbn = {978-1-4503-3726-7/16/04}, location = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK}, numpages = {4}, doi = {10.1145/2876034.2893408}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2876034.2893408}, keywords = {intelligent tutoring; natural language; interaction data; conceptual learning; physics; electronics}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/efarrow/papers/wip095-farrow.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Farrow-las:2016-demo, author = {Farrow, Elaine and Moore, Johanna D.}, title = {{B}eetle-{G}row: An Effective Intelligent Tutoring System to Support Conceptual Change}, abstract = {We will demonstrate the Beetle-Grow intelligent tutoring system, which combines active experimentation, self-explanation, and formative feedback using natural language interaction. It runs in a standard web browser and has a fresh, engaging design. The underlying back-end system has previously been shown to be highly effective in teaching basic electricity and electronics concepts. Beetle-Grow has been designed to capture student interaction and indicators of learning in a form suitable for data mining, and to support future work on building tools for interactive tutoring that improve after experiencing interaction with students, as human tutors do. We are interested in partnering with teachers and other education researchers to carry out large-scale user trials with Beetle-Grow in the classroom and remotely.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {L@S '16}, year = {2016}, isbn = {978-1-4503-3726-7/16/04}, location = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK}, numpages = {2}, doi = {10.1145/2876034.2893403}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2876034.2893403}, keywords = {intelligent tutoring; natural language; interaction data; conceptual learning; physics; electronics}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/efarrow/papers/de111-farrow.pdf} }
@article{Dzikovska-ijaied:2014, title = {BEETLE {I}{I}: Deep Natural Language Understanding and Automatic Feedback Generation for Intelligent Tutoring in Basic Electricity and Electronics}, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava and Steinhauser, Natalie and Farrow, Elaine and Moore, Johanna and Campbell, Gwendolyn}, abstract = {Within STEM domains, physics is considered to be one of the most difficult topics to master, in part because many of the underlying principles are counter-intuitive. Effective teaching methods rely on engaging the student in active experimentation and encouraging deep reasoning, often through the use of self-explanation. Supporting such instructional approaches poses a challenge for developers of Intelligent Tutoring Systems. We describe a system that addresses this challenge by teaching conceptual knowledge about basic electronics and electricity through guided experimentation with a circuit simulator and reflective dialogue to encourage effective self-explanation. The Basic Electricity and Electronics Tutorial Learning Environment (BEETLE II) advances the state of the art in dynamic adaptive feedback generation and natural language processing (NLP) by extending symbolic NLP techniques to support unrestricted student natural language input in the context of a dynamically changing simulation environment in a moderately complex domain. This allows contextually-appropriate feedback to be generated ``on the fly'' without requiring curriculum designers to anticipate possible student answers and manually author multiple feedback messages. We present the results of a system evaluation. Our curriculum is highly effective, achieving effect sizes of 1.72 when comparing pre- to post-test learning gains from our system to those of a no-training control group. However, we are unable to demonstrate that dynamically generated feedback is superior to a non-NLP feedback condition. Evaluation of interpretation quality demonstrates its link with instructional effectiveness, and provides directions for future research and development.}, month = {September}, year = {2014}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {284--332}, journal = {International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education}, issn = {1560-4292}, doi = {10.1007/s40593-014-0017-9}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40593-014-0017-9}, keywords = {intelligent tutoring systems; natural language processing; tutorial dialogue} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-aied:2013, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Farrow, Elaine and Moore, Johanna D.}, editor = {Lane, H. Chad and Yacef, Kalina and Mostow, Jack and Pavlik, Philip}, title = {Combining semantic interpretation and statistical classification for improved explanation processing in a tutorial dialogue system}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education ({AIED} 2013)}, month = {July}, year = {2013}, location = {Memphis, TN, USA}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, pages = {279--288}, isbn = {978-3-642-39112-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_29}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_29}, keywords = {tutorial dialogue; natural language processing; intelligent tutoring system (ITS); parsing; semantic interpretation} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-bea:2013, author = {Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Elaine Farrow and Johanna Moore}, title = {Improving Interpretation Robustness in a Tutorial Dialogue System}, booktitle = {Proceedings of The 8th Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA-8})}, abstract = {We present an experiment aimed at improving interpretation robustness of a tutorial dialogue system that relies on detailed semantic interpretation and dynamic natural language feedback generation. We show that we can improve overall interpretation quality by combining the output of a semantic interpreter with that of a statistical classifier trained on the subset of student utterances where semantic interpretation fails. This improves on a previous result which used a similar approach but trained the classifier on a substantially larger data set containing all student utterances. Finally, we discuss how the labels from the statistical classifier can be integrated effectively with the dialogue system’s existing error recovery policies.}, day = {13}, month = {June}, year = {2013}, address = {Atlanta, GA, US}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W13/W13-1738.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Isard-Matheson:2012, author = {Amy Isard and Colin Matheson}, title = {Rhetorical Structure for Natural Language Generation in Dialogue}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {SemDial} 2012 ({SeineDial}): The 16th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue}, month = {September}, year = {2012}, pages = {161--162}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/amyi/papers/isard-seinedial2012.pdf} }
@inproceedings{bell-EtAl:2012:IS2012, author = {Bell, Peter and Dzikovska, Myroslava and Isard, Amy}, title = {Designing a spoken language interface for a tutorial dialogue system}, booktitle = {Proc. Interspeech}, month = {September}, year = {2012}, address = {Portland, Oregon, USA}, abstract = {We describe our work in building a spoken language interface for a tutorial dialogue system. Our goal is to allow natural, unrestricted student interaction with the computer tutor, which has been shown to improve the student's learning gain, but presents challenges for speech recognition and spoken language understanding. We discuss the choice of system components and present the results of development experiments in both acoustic and language modelling for speech recognition in this domain.}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/s0566164/tutoring_is2012.pdf} }
@inproceedings{dzikovska-EtAl:2012:EACL2012, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Bell, Peter and Isard, Amy and Moore, Johanna D.}, title = {Evaluating language understanding accuracy with respect to objective outcomes in a dialogue system}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics}, month = {April}, year = {2012}, address = {Avignon, France}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, pages = {471--481}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/E12-1048} }
@inproceedings{dzikovska-EtAl:2012:NAACL2012, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Nielsen, Rodney D. and Brew, Chris}, title = {Towards Effective Tutorial Feedback for Explanation Questions: A Dataset and Baselines}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2012 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies ({NAACL-HLT} 2012)}, month = {June}, year = {2012}, address = {Montreal, Canada}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, pages = {}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-naacl2012.pdf} }
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/aied/DzikovskaIBMSCTCS11, author = {Myroslava Dzikovska and Amy Isard and Peter Bell and Johanna D. Moore and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Leanne S. Taylor and Simon Caine and Charlie Scott}, title = {Adaptive Intelligent Tutorial Dialogue in the {Beetle II} System}, booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference (AIED 2011), interactive event}, address = {Auckland, New Zealand}, year = {2011}, pages = {621}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, volume = {6738}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21869-9_122}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21869-9_122}, bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de} }
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/aied/SteinhauserCTCSDM11, author = {Natalie B. Steinhauser and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Leanne S. Taylor and Simon Caine and Charlie Scott and Myroslava Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore}, title = {Talk Like an Electrician: Student Dialogue Mimicking Behavior in an Intelligent Tutoring System}, booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference (AIED 2011)}, address = {Auckland, New Zealand}, year = {2011}, pages = {361-368}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, volume = {6738}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21869-9_47}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21869-9_47}, bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de} }
@inproceedings{dzikovska-EtAl:2011:SIGDIAL20111, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Moore, Johanna D. and Steinhauser, Natalie and Campbell, Gwendolyn}, title = {Exploring User Satisfaction in a Tutorial Dialogue System}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2011 Conference}, month = {June}, year = {2011}, address = {Portland, Oregon}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, pages = {162--172}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-2019} }
@inproceedings{dzikovska-EtAl:2011:SIGDIAL20112, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava and Isard, Amy and Bell, Peter and Moore, Johanna and Steinhauser, Natalie and Campbell, Gwendolyn}, title = {{Beetle II}: an adaptable tutorial dialogue system}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2011 Conference, demo session}, month = {June}, year = {2011}, address = {Portland, Oregon}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, pages = {338--340}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-2041} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-acl:2010, author = {Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore and Natalie Steinhauser and Gwendolyn Campbell}, title = {The impact of interpretation problems on tutorial dialogue}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics({ACL}-2010)}, pages = {43--48}, month = {July}, year = {2010}, address = {Uppsala, Sweden}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-acl2010.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-acl:2010-demo, author = {Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore and Natalie Steinhauser and Gwendolyn Campbell and Elaine Farrow and Charles B. Callaway}, title = {{Beetle II}: a system for tutoring and computational linguistics experimentation}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics ({ACL}-2010) demo session}, optbooktitle = {Proceedings {ACL}-2010 demo session}, pages = {13--18}, month = {July}, year = {2010}, address = {Uppsala, Sweden}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-beetle-demo-acl2010.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-ectel:2010, author = {Myroslava Dzikovska and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Johanna D. Moore and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Katherine M. Harrison and Leanne S. Taylor}, title = {Content, Social, and Metacognitive Statements: An Empirical Study Comparing Human-Human and Human-Computer Tutorial Dialogue}, booktitle = {Sustaining {TEL}: From Innovation to Learning and Practice - 5th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, {EC-TEL} 2010}, editor = {Martin Wolpers and Paul A. Kirschner and Maren Scheffel and Stefanie N. Lindstaedt and Vania Dimitrova}, month = {October}, year = {2010}, pages = {93--108}, address = {Barcelona, Spain}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, volume = {6383}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-16020-2_7}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16020-2_7}, bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-ectel2010-long.pdf}, note = {Best paper award} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-ectel:2010-demo, author = {Myroslava Dzikovska and Diana Bental and Johanna D. Moore and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Elaine Farrow and Charles B. Callaway}, title = {Intelligent Tutoring with Natural Language Support in the {Beetle II} System}, booktitle = {Sustaining TEL: From Innovation to Learning and Practice - 5th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2010}, editor = {Martin Wolpers and Paul A. Kirschner and Maren Scheffel and Stefanie N. Lindstaedt and Vania Dimitrova}, address = {Barcelona, Spain}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, volume = {6383}, month = {October}, year = {2010}, numpages = {6}, pages = {620--625}, acmid = {1889319}, isbn = {978-3-642-16020-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-16020-2_64}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16020-2_64}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-ectel2010-demo.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Steinhauser-cogsci:2010, author = {Natalie B. Steinhauser and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Katherine M. Harrison and Leanne S. Taylor and Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore}, title = {Comparing Human-Human and Human-Computer Tutorial Dialogue}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society poster session}, month = {August}, year = {2010}, address = {Portland, Oregon} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-sigdial:2009, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Callaway, Charles B. and Farrow, Elaine and Moore, Johanna D. and Steinhauser, Natalie B. and Campbell, Gwendolyn E.}, title = {Dealing with Interpretation Errors in Tutorial Dialogue}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {SIGDIAL} 2009 Conference: The 10th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue}, series = {SIGDIAL '09}, month = {September}, year = {2009}, pages = {38--45}, numpages = {8}, isbn = {978-1-932432-64-0}, address = {London, UK}, acmid = {1708382}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, optaddress = {Stroudsburg, PA, USA}, ee = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1708376.1708382}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-sigdial09.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Litman-aied:2009, author = {Diane Litman and Johanna Moore and Myroslava Dzikovska and Elaine Farrow}, title = {Using Natural Language Processing to Analyze Tutorial Dialogue Corpora Across Domains and Modalities}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education ({AIED})}, month = {July}, year = {2009}, pages = {149--156}, address = {Brighton, UK}, doi = {10.3233/978-1-60750-028-5-149}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-028-5-149}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/LitmanetalAIED.pdf}, keywords = {tutorial dialogue; intelligent tutoring; natural language; discourse} }
@inproceedings{Campbell-aied:2009, author = {Gwendolyn C. Campbell and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore and Charles B. Callaway and Elaine Farrow}, title = {The {DeMAND} coding scheme: A ``common language'' for representing and analyzing student discourse}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education ({AIED}), poster session}, month = {July}, year = {2009}, address = {Brighton, UK}, pages = {665--667}, doi = {10.3233/978-1-60750-028-5-665}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-028-5-665}, keywords = {learning theories; intelligent tutoring systems; coding scheme; tutorial dialogue} }
@inproceedings{Campbell-cogsci:2009, author = {Gwendolyn C. Campbell and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Johanna D. Moore and Charles B. Callaway and Elaine Farrow}, title = {Metacognitive awareness versus linguistic politeness: Expressions of confusions in tutorial dialogues}, booktitle = {Poster presented at the 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society}, abstract = {Research suggests that students who are aware of their own confusions and take steps to resolve those confusions are most likely to benefit from a learning experience. At the same time, there are conversational maxims, such as Leech’s politeness maxims, that may inhibit a student from expressing and pursuing confusions within a tutorial dialogue. We investigated students’ expressions of confusion while working through a series of learning activities with a tutor. We found that, during the times when students were working independently on an activity, their expressions of confusion were reliable indicators of their (lack of) understanding; however, when they were conversing with their tutors, these same students did not express confusion and, in fact, the more often the expressed comprehension, the worse they performed on the post-test. This suggests that student metacognitive statements should not be interpreted without taking into consideration the context in which they were expressed. We briefly consider implications for human tutors and the development of computer tutoring systems.}, month = {July}, year = {2009}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, url = {http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/proceedings/2009/papers/673/paper673.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-flairs:2008, author = {Myroslava O. Dzikovska and Gwendolyn E. Campbell and Charles B. Callaway and Natalie B. Steinhauser and Elaine Farrow and Johanna D. Moore and Leslie A. Butler and Colin Matheson}, title = {Diagnosing natural language answers to support adaptive tutoring}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st International {FLAIRS} Conference}, month = {May}, year = {2008}, pages = {403--408}, address = {Coconut Grove, Florida}, optdoi = {10.1.1.139.859}, ee = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.139.859}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-flairs08.pdf} }
@inproceedings{Callaway-slate:2007, title = {The {Beetle} and {BeeDiff} Tutoring Systems}, author = {Charles B. Callaway and Myroslava Dzikovska and Elaine Farrow and Manuel Marques-Pita and Colin Matheson and Johanna D. Moore}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on Spoken Language Technology for Education ({SLaTE})}, address = {Farmington, Pennsylvania, USA}, month = {September}, year = {2007}, numpages = {4}, ee = {http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4175}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/callaway-slate07.pdf}, keywords = {tutoring systems; dialogue; deep processing} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-naacl:2007, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Callaway, Charles B. and Farrow, Elaine and Marques-Pita, Manuel and Matheson, Colin and Moore, Johanna D.}, title = {Adaptive Tutorial Dialogue Systems Using Deep {NLP} Techniques}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations}, series = {NAACL-Demonstrations '07}, year = {2007}, address = {Rochester, New York}, pages = {5--6}, numpages = {2}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, optaddress = {Stroudsburg, PA, USA}, acmid = {1614167}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1614164.1614167} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-eacl-kraq:2006, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Callaway, Charles B. and Farrow, Elaine}, title = {Interpretation and Generation in a Knowledge-based Tutorial System}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {EACL}'06 workshop on Knowledge and Reasoning for Language Processing ({KRAQ'06})}, month = {April}, year = {2006}, location = {Trento, Italy}, pages = {4--11}, numpages = {8}, ee = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1641493.1641496}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-beetle-kraq.pdf}, acmid = {1641496}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, optaddress = {Stroudsburg, PA, USA} }
@inproceedings{Dzikovska-eacl:2006-demo, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Callaway, Charles and Farrow, Elaine}, title = {Tools for Hierarchical Annotation of Typed Dialogue}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {EACL-06} workshop on {NLP} and {XML}}, series = {NLPXML '06}, month = {April}, year = {2006}, address = {Trento, Italy}, pages = {57--60}, numpages = {4}, ee = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1621034.1621044}, url = {http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mdzikovs/papers/dzikovska-nxt-tools-demo.pdf}, acmid = {1621044}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, optaddress = {Stroudsburg, PA, USA} }
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